Predicting Reproduction in the Appalachian Uplands

The structure of regeneration models is determined by the sources of reproduction and by the biotic and abiotic factors that affect population dynamics of the ecosystem being modeled. Sources of reproduction include new seedlings, advance reproduction, and sprouts from the cut stumps of overstory trees. The micro-environment (e.g., light, temperature, and soil moisture) influences the development of reproduction. Aspect, slope position, elevation, and site index are commonly used to express the integrated effect of micro-environment on reproduction. In some upland oak ecosystems, wildlife may adversely affect stand regeneration potential. Interference species such as ferns, fire cherry, red maple, and flowering dogwood may dominate the site following harvest, thereby reducing regeneration potential. The importance of these factors in influencing regeneration potential varies among regions. Thus, regeneration models must be developed for specific regions. ACORn is an example of a regional stand-level regeneration model developed for even-aged forests in the Missouri Ozarks. It can be used to predict future stand characteristics by species and diameter classes, which in turn, can be used as input for growth and yield simulators. ACORn is a model developed for conditions slightly outside the southern Appalachian region, however there are so few regeneration simulation models available that it might be used in the driersites of the region.

• Introduction
• Regeneration Models Review
• The ACORn Simulator
• Predicting Regeneration Quality
• Regeneration Surveys