Birds

These bird species are known or likely to occur in Virginia mountain areas. 

For each species, there is an online "booklet".   To access a booklet, highlight and copy the common name from the list below click here and paste into the species name box.  [NB: The first time you click, you may get a welcome page.  You can close that page and click again, which should put you on the correct page.  Or you can navigate to the correct page by selecting the Species Information option and then the Species Booklet option.]

	Common Name	Scientific name	Status*
	Ani, groove-billed	Crotophaga sulcirostris
	Bittern, American	Botaurus lentiginosus
	Bittern, least	Ixobrychus exilis exilis
	Blackbird, Brewers	Euphagus cyanocephalus
	Blackbird, red-winged	Agelaius phoeniceus
	Blackbird, rusty	Euphagus carolinus
	Bluebird, eastern	Sialia sialis
	Bobolink	Dolichonyx oryzivorus
	Bobwhite, northern	Colinus virginianus
	Bufflehead	Bucephala albeola
	Bunting, indigo	Passerina cyanea
	Bunting, lark	Calamospiza melanocorys
	Bunting, painted	Passerina ciris ciris
	Bunting, snow	Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis
	Canvasback	Aythya valisineria
	Cardinal, northern	Cardinalis cardinalis
	Catbird, gray	Dumetella carolinensis
	Chat, yellow-breasted	Icteria virens virens
	Chickadee, Carolina	Poecile carolinensis
	Chickadee, black-capped	Poecile atricapillus
	Chuck-wills-widow	Caprimulgus carolinensis
	Coot, American	Fulica americana
	Cormorant, double-crested	Phalacrocorax auritus
	Cormorant, great	Phalacrocorax carbo
	Cowbird, brown-headed	Molothrus ater
	Creeper, brown	Certhia americana	SS
	Crossbill, red	Loxia curvirostra	SS
	Crow, American	Corvus brachyrhynchos
	Crow, fish	Corvus ossifragus
	Cuckoo, black-billed	Coccyzus erythropthalmus
	Cuckoo, yellow-billed	Coccyzus americanus
	Dickcissel	Spiza americana	SS
	Dove, common ground	Columbina passerina
	Dove, mourning	Zenaida macroura carolinensis
	Dove, rock	Columba livia
	Duck, American black	Anas rubripes
	Duck, ruddy	Oxyura jamaicensis
	Duck, wood	Aix sponsa
	Eagle, bald	Haliaeetus leucocephalus	FTST
	Eagle, golden	Aquila chrysaetos
	Egret, cattle	Bubulcus ibis
	Egret, great	Ardea alba egretta	SS
	Falcon, peregrine	Falco peregrinus	ST
	Finch, house	Carpodacus mexicanus
	Finch, purple	Carpodacus purpureus	SS
	Flamingo, greater	Phoenicopterus ruber
	Flicker, northern	Colaptes auratus
	Flycatcher, Acadian	Empidonax virescens
	Flycatcher, alder	Empidonax alnorum	SS
	Flycatcher, great crested	Myiarchus crinitus
	Flycatcher, least	Empidonax minimus
	Flycatcher, olive-sided	Contopus cooperi
	Flycatcher, scissor-tailed	Tyrannus forficatus
	Flycatcher, willow	Empidonax traillii
	Flycatcher, yellow-bellied	Empidonax flaviventris	SS
	Gadwall	Anas strepera
	Gnatcatcher, blue-gray	Polioptila caerulea
	Goldeneye, common	Bucephala clangula americana
	Goldfinch, American	Carduelis tristis
	Goose, Canada	Branta canadensis
	Goose, greater white-fronted	Anser albifrons flavirostris
	Goshawk, northern	Accipiter gentilis	FS
	Grackle, common	Quiscalus quiscula
	Grebe, pied-billed	Podilymbus podiceps
	Grebe, western	Aechmophorus occidentalis
	Grosbeak, black-headed	Pheucticus melanocephalus
	Grosbeak, blue	Guiraca caerulea caerulea
	Grosbeak, evening	Coccothraustes vespertinus
	Grosbeak, pine	Pinicola enucleator
	Grosbeak, rose-breasted	Pheucticus ludovicianus
	Grouse, ruffed	Bonasa umbellus
	Gull, Bonapartes	Larus philadelphia
	Gull, Franklins	Larus pipixcan
	Gull, glaucous	Larus hyperboreus
	Gull, herring	Larus argentatus
	Gull, laughing	Larus atricilla
	Gull, ring-billed	Larus delawarensis
	Gyrfalcon	Falco rusticolus
	Harrier, northern	Circus cyaneus	SS
	Hawk, Coopers	Accipiter cooperii
	Hawk, broad-winged	Buteo platypterus
	Hawk, ferruginous	Buteo regalis
	Hawk, red-shouldered	Buteo lineatus lineatus
	Hawk, red-tailed	Buteo jamaicensis
	Hawk, rough-legged	Buteo lagopus johannis
	Hawk, sharp-shinned	Accipiter striatus velox
	Heron, great blue	Ardea herodias herodias
	Heron, green	Butorides virescens
	Hummingbird, ruby-throated	Archilochus colubris
	Ibis, glossy	Plegadis falcinellus	SS
	Ibis, white	Eudocimus albus
	Jaeger, pomarine	Stercorarius pomarinus
	Jay, blue	Cyanocitta cristata
	Junco, dark-eyed	Junco hyemalis
	Kestrel, American	Falco sparverius sparverius
	Killdeer	Charadrius vociferus
	Kingbird, eastern	Tyrannus tyrannus
	Kingbird, western	Tyrannus verticalis
	Kingfisher, belted	Ceryle alcyon
	Kinglet, golden-crowned	Regulus satrapa	SS
	Kinglet, ruby-crowned	Regulus calendula
	Kite, Mississippi	Ictinia mississippiensis
	Kite, swallow-tailed	Elanoides forficatus forficatus
	Lark, horned	Eremophila alpestris
	Limpkin	Aramus guarauna
	Longspur, Lapland	Calcarius lapponicus
	Longspur, chestnut-collared	Calcarius ornatus
	Loon, common	Gavia immer
	Magpie, black-billed	Pica pica
	Mallard	Anas platyrhynchos
	Martin, purple	Progne subis
	Meadowlark, eastern	Sturnella magna
	Merganser, common	Mergus merganser americanus
	Merganser, hooded	Lophodytes cucullatus
	Mockingbird, northern	Mimus polyglottos
	Moorhen, common	Gallinula chloropus cachinnans	SS
	Night-heron, black-crowned	Nycticorax nycticorax hoactii
	Night-heron, yellow-crowned	Nyctanassa violacea violacea	SS
	Nighthawk, common	Chordeiles minor
	Nuthatch, brown-headed	Sitta pusilla
	Nuthatch, red-breasted	Sitta canadensis	SS
	Nuthatch, white-breasted	Sitta carolinensis
	Oriole, Baltimore	Icterus galbula
	Oriole, orchard	Icterus spurius
	Osprey	Pandion haliaetus carolinensis
	Ovenbird	Seiurus aurocapillus
	Owl, barn	Tyto alba pratincola	SS
	Owl, barred	Strix varia
	Owl, great horned	Bubo virginianus
	Owl, long-eared	Asio otus	SS
	Owl, northern saw-whet	Aegolius acadicus	SS
	Owl, short-eared	Asio flammeus
	Parula, northern	Parula americana
	Petrel, black-capped	Pterodroma hasitata
	Pewee, eastern wood	Contopus virens
	Phalarope, Wilsons	Phalaropus tricolor
	Phalarope, red	Phalaropus fulicaria
	Phalarope, red-necked	Phalaropus lobatus
	Pheasant, ring-necked	Phasianus colchicus
	Phoebe, eastern	Sayornis phoebe
	Pigeon, passenger	Ectopistes migratorius
	Pintail, northern	Anas acuta acuta
	Pipit, American	Anthus rubescens
	Pipit, Spragues	Anthus spragueii
	Plover, semipalmated	Charadrius semipalmatus
	Rail, Virginia	Rallus limicola
	Rail, king	Rallus elegans
	Rail, yellow	Coturnicops noveboracensis
	Raven, common	Corvus corax
	Redhead	Aythya americana
	Redpoll, common	Carduelis flammea
	Redstart, American	Setophaga ruticilla
	Robin, American	Turdus migratorius
	Ruff	Philomachus pugnax
	Sandpiper, Bairds	Calidris bairdii
	Sandpiper, buff-breasted	Tryngites subruficollis
	Sandpiper, least	Calidris minutilla
	Sandpiper, pectoral	Calidris melanotos
	Sandpiper, semipalmated	Calidris pusilla
	Sandpiper, solitary	Tringa solitaria
	Sandpiper, spotted	Actitis macularia
	Sandpiper, upland	Bartramia longicauda	ST
	Sandpiper, white-rumped	Calidris fuscicollis
	Sapsucker, yellow-bellied	Sphyrapicus varius
	Scaup, greater	Aythya marila
	Scaup, lesser	Aythya affinis
	Scoter, black	Melanitta nigra americana
	Scoter, white-winged	Melanitta fusca deglandi
	Screech-owl, eastern	Otus asio
	Shoveler, northern	Anas clypeata
	Shrike, loggerhead	Lanius ludovicianus	ST
	Shrike, migrant loggerhead	Lanius ludovicianus migrans	FS
	Siskin, pine	Carduelis pinus
	Snipe, common	Gallinago gallinago
	Sora	Porzana carolina
	Sparrow, American tree	Spizella arborea
	Sparrow, Bachmans	Aimophila aestivalis	FSST
	Sparrow, Harris	Zonotrichia querula
	Sparrow, Henslows	Ammodramus henslowii	FSST
	Sparrow, Le Contes	Ammodramus leconteii
	Sparrow, chipping	Spizella passerina
	Sparrow, clay-colored	Spizella pallida
	Sparrow, field	Spizella pusilla
	Sparrow, fox	Passerella iliaca
	Sparrow, grasshopper	Ammodramus savannarum pratensis
	Sparrow, house	Passer domesticus
	Sparrow, savannah	Passerculus sandwichensis
	Sparrow, song	Melospiza melodia
	Sparrow, swamp	Melospiza georgiana
	Sparrow, vesper	Pooecetes gramineus
	Sparrow, white-crowned	Zonotrichia leucophrys
	Sparrow, white-throated	Zonotrichia albicollis
	Starling, European	Sturnus vulgaris
	Stork, wood	Mycteria americana
	Swallow, bank	Riparia riparia
	Swallow, barn	Hirundo rustica
	Swallow, cliff	Petrochelidon pyrrhonota pyrrhonota
	Swallow, northern rough-winged	Stelgidopteryx serripennis
	Swallow, tree	Tachycineta bicolor
	Swift, chimney	Chaetura pelagica
	Tanager, scarlet	Piranga olivacea
	Tanager, summer	Piranga rubra
	Tanager, western	Piranga ludoviciana
	Teal, blue-winged	Anas discors orphna
	Teal, green-winged	Anas crecca carolinensis
	Tern, Caspian	Sterna caspia	SS
	Thrasher, brown	Toxostoma rufum
	Thrush, Swainsons	Catharus ustulatus
	Thrush, gray-cheeked	Catharus minimus
	Thrush, hermit	Catharus guttatus	SS
	Thrush, varied	Ixoreus naevius
	Thrush, wood	Hylocichla mustelina
	Titmouse, tufted	Baeolophus bicolor
	Towhee, eastern	Pipilo erythrophthalmus
	Tropicbird, white-tailed	Phaethon lepturus
	Turkey, wild	Meleagris gallopavo silvestris
	Veery	Catharus fuscescens
	Vireo, blue-headed	Vireo solitarius
	Vireo, red-eyed	Vireo olivaceus
	Vireo, warbling	Vireo gilvus gilvus
	Vireo, white-eyed	Vireo griseus
	Vireo, yellow-throated	Vireo flavifrons
	Vulture, black	Coragyps atratus
	Vulture, turkey	Cathartes aura
	Warbler, Canada	Wilsonia canadensis
	Warbler, Cape May	Dendroica tigrina
	Warbler, Kentucky	Oporornis formosus
	Warbler, Nashville	Vermivora ruficapilla
	Warbler, Swainsons	Limnothlypis swainsonii	SS
	Warbler, Tennessee	Vermivora peregrina
	Warbler, bay-breasted	Dendroica castanea
	Warbler, black-and-white	Mniotilta varia
	Warbler, black-throated blue	Dendroica caerulescens
	Warbler, black-throated green	Dendroica virens
	Warbler, blackburnian	Dendroica fusca
	Warbler, blackpoll	Dendroica striata
	Warbler, blue-winged	Vermivora pinus
	Warbler, cerulean	Dendroica cerulea	FS
	Warbler, chestnut-sided	Dendroica pensylvanica
	Warbler, golden-winged	Vermivora chrysoptera	SS
	Warbler, hooded	Wilsonia citrina
	Warbler, magnolia	Dendroica magnolia	SS
	Warbler, mourning	Oporornis philadelphia	SS
	Warbler, pine	Dendroica pinus
	Warbler, prairie	Dendroica discolor
	Warbler, prothonotary	Protonotaria citrea
	Warbler, worm-eating	Helmitheros vermivorus
	Warbler, yellow	Dendroica petechia
	Warbler, yellow-rumped	Dendroica coronata cornata
	Warbler, yellow-throated	Dendroica dominica
	Waterthrush, Louisiana	Seiurus motacilla
	Waterthrush, northern	Seiurus noveboracensis
	Waxwing, Bohemian	Bombycilla garrulus
	Waxwing, cedar	Bombycilla cedrorum
	Wheatear, northern	Oenanthe oenanthe
	Whimbrel	Numenius phaeopus
	Whip-poor-will	Caprimulgus vociferus
	Whistling-duck, fulvous	Dendrocygna bicolor
	Wigeon, American	Anas americana
	Woodcock, American	Scolopax minor
	Woodpecker, downy	Picoides pubescens medianus
	Woodpecker, hairy	Picoides villosus
	Woodpecker, pileated	Dryocopus pileatus
	Woodpecker, red-bellied	Melanerpes carolinus
	Woodpecker, red-headed	Melanerpes erythrocephalus
	Wren, Bewicks	Thryomanes bewickii	FSSE
	Wren, Carolina	Thryothorus ludovicianus
	Wren, house	Troglodytes aedon
	Wren, marsh	Cistothorus palustris
	Wren, sedge	Cistothorus platensis	SS
	Wren, winter	Troglodytes troglodytes	SS
	Yellowlegs, greater	Tringa melanoleuca
	Yellowlegs, lesser	Tringa flavipes
	Yellowthroat, common	Geothlypis trichas

* Status Definitions: 

FE - Endangered on the Federal listing
FT - Threatened on the Federal listing
FP - Proposed for the Federal listing
FC - Candidate for the Federal listing
FS - Species of Special Concern for Federal agencies
SE - Endangered on the Virginia listing
ST - Threatened on the Virginia listing
SC - Candidate for the Virginia listing
SS - Species of Special Concern for Virginia agencies