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Critical Loads of Sulfur plus Nitrogen to Upland Forests.

S + N atmospheric deposition rates higher than the critical load result in greater exports of nutrient cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+) than inputs of these nutrients, leading to the eventual deterioration of soil fertility, forest health, and forest productivity. Critical loads are expressed in kilo-equivalents per hectare per year in this map of New Hampshire and Vermont; N deposition includes both ammonium + nitrate forms. White areas depict locations with non-forested land or water.

Critical Loads of Sulfur plus Nitrogen to Upland Forests.
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